Nutrition & Health
Phenotyping tea consumers by nutrikinetic analysis of polyphenolic end-metabolites
GC–MS methods for metabolic profiling of microbial fermentation products of dietary polyphenols in human and in vitro intervention studies
Flavonoids, a subclass of polyphenols, are major constituents of many plant-based foods and beverages, including tea, wine and chocolate. Epidemiological studies have shown that a flavonoid-rich diet is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. The majority of the flavonoids survive intact until they reach the colon where they are then extensively metabolized into smaller fragments. Here, we describe the development of GC-MS-based methods for the profiling of phenolic microbial fermentation products in urine, plasma, and fecal water.
(1)H NMR metabolite profiling of feces as a tool to assess the impact of nutrition on the human microbiome
Current research increasingly recognizes the human gut microbiome as a metabolically versatile biological 'digester' that plays an essential role in regulating the host metabolome. Gut microbiota recover energy and biologically active molecules from food that would otherwise be washed out of the intestinal tract without benefit. In this study, a protocol for NMR-based metabolite profiling has been developed to access the activity of the microbiome.
Non-digestible food ingredients, colonic microbiota and the impact on gut health and immunity: a role for metabolomics
Food and nutritional science, applications of magnetic resonance
The metabolic fate of polyphenols in the human superorganism
Dietary polyphenols are components of many foods such as tea, fruit, and vegetables and are associated with several beneficial health effects although, so far, largely based on epidemiological studies. The intact forms of complex dietary polyphenols have limited bioavailability, with low circulating levels in plasma. A major part of the polyphenols persists in the colon, where the resident microbiota produce metabolites that can undergo further metabolism upon entering systemic circulation.
The metabolic fate of red wine and grape juice polyphenols in humans assessed by metabolomics
The metabolic impact of polyphenol-rich red wine and grape juice consumption in humans was studied using a metabolomics approach. Fifty-eight men and women participated in a placebo-controlled, double-crossover study in which they consumed during a period of 4 wk, either a polyphenol-rich 2:1 dry mix of red wine and red grape juice extracts (MIX) or only a grape juice extract (GJX). Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected after each intervention. (1)H NMR spectroscopy was applied for global metabolite profiling, while GC-MS was used for focused profiling of urinary phenolic acids.
NMR-based metabonomics approaches for the assessment of the metabolic impact of dietary polyphenols on humans
Nutrition & Health